In March 1964, Anísio held the position of Rector at University of Brasília. The newly established military government, however, forced him to resign from his work at the University. After that, Anísio went to the United States to teach as a visiting scholar at Columbia University (1964), at New York University (1965) and at California University (1966).

Anísio was also compelled to leave University of Brasília, and at that time he submitted a thesis for the Education Federal Council. His dissertation was about one of his favourite subjects : the teacher formation process. Another member of the Education Federal Council Alceu Amoroso Lima read Anísio's dissertation which reminded him of the old antagonism that existed between them. Thus, Alceu expressed his admiration for his ex-opponent. Life changes men...

Anísio returned to Brazil and continued devoting himself to education. He remained as a member of the Education Federal Council up to the end of his term. Anísio also organized and reviewed compilations and re-editions of his earlier publications : "Pequena introdução à filosofia da educação" (A brief introduction to education philosophy) (1967), " Educação é um direito" (Education is a right) (1967), " Educação no Brasil" (Education in Brazil) (1969) and "Educação e o mundo moderno" (Education and the modern world) (1969). Anísio became a consultant member of the Getúlio Vargas Foundation and started to work for the Companhia Editora Nacional (National Publishing Company) again.