Back to Salvador in 1924, by then already graduated from Law School, Anísio applied for a vacancy as Public Prosecutor to Governor Francisco Marques de Góes Calmon. The Governor made Anísio a surprising proposal to become the General Inspector of Bahia's Educational System. As he felt he lacked the necessary background to take over this position, Anísio initially refused the invitation, but after receiving a second proposal, he finally accepted.

It was at this time that Anísio started to devote himself to a more comprehensive study of education. He was greatly impressed by Omer Buyse's book Méthodes Américaines d'Education, (1908). This was also the first time he got in touch with the situation of the educational system in Bahia. The same year he took over as General Inspector of Education, he published an article called: Concerning the Universal School".